托福備考丨破解“托福閱讀看完就忘”的終極奧義,！優(yōu)弗教育

之前在給同學(xué)們上課的時(shí)候，我發(fā)現(xiàn)很多同學(xué)在做閱讀或者聽(tīng)力的時(shí)候,，看完就忘,，聽(tīng)完就記不住。當(dāng)然這與同學(xué)們的基礎(chǔ)有一定的關(guān)系,。同時(shí),，和我們看文章的主動(dòng)記憶意識(shí)也是分不開(kāi)的。

記憶可以分為識(shí)記,，保持和重現(xiàn)三個(gè)過(guò)程,。當(dāng)然，識(shí)記要求我們對(duì)于材料內(nèi)容的理解,，保持和重現(xiàn)則很大程度上依賴于我們的主動(dòng)記憶意識(shí),。我們?cè)诳次恼碌臅r(shí)候一般需要用到抽象記憶和形象記憶。針對(duì)于托福閱讀和聽(tīng)力來(lái)講,，亦是如此,。今天優(yōu)弗教育重點(diǎn)和同學(xué)們說(shuō)說(shuō)抽象思維。

托福的閱讀其實(shí)和我們的寫作是一樣的,，都有一個(gè)合理的框架,。作者在講一個(gè)話題的時(shí)候，從哪幾個(gè)角度寫,，每一段怎么樣展開(kāi),，都是有設(shè)計(jì)的，不會(huì)雜亂無(wú)章,。這要求我們做到什么呢,？

1、 重視標(biāo)題及首段中的主旨句----這主要是讓我們了解文章在寫一個(gè)什么事物,，什么現(xiàn)象,，或者是什么原理，歷史等等,。

2,、 重視每一段的第一句----托福閱讀和寫作一樣，foreigner一般都很喜歡總分的結(jié)構(gòu)，先給出一個(gè)general point,，再用相關(guān)的detail和example來(lái)解釋和證明,。所以絕大多數(shù)情況下，每一段的第一句就是這一段的核心意思,。而且最后六選三的正確選項(xiàng),，肯定會(huì)有1-2個(gè)是對(duì)這些中心句的paraphrase。

抓住這些后,，同學(xué)們其實(shí)就可以把文章的框架拿出來(lái)了,。文章總體框架是我們必須要掌握的東西，很多同學(xué)們也懂得這個(gè),，但是在實(shí)戰(zhàn)的時(shí)候還是會(huì)說(shuō)“臣妾做不到啊”,。不過(guò)同學(xué)們一定要做到，在閱讀的時(shí)候主動(dòng)去提取文章的框架,，不要看完下一段上一段講的是什么就還給作者了,。抽象思維每個(gè)人的能力不同，但通過(guò)長(zhǎng)期的堅(jiān)持鍛煉都會(huì)有提升的,。

3,、 重視作者展開(kāi)每一段的寫作思路。段落的類型基本上可以分為兩種類型,，單一型和復(fù)合型,。

   單一型

   In addition to dairy farming and cultivating industrial crops, a third sector of the Dutch economy reflected the way in which agriculture was being modernized--horticulture.In the sixteenth century, fruit and vegetables were to be found only in gardens belonging to wealthy people. This changed in the early part of the seventeenth century when horticulture became accepted as an agricultural sector.Whole villages began to cultivate fruit and vegetables.The produce was then transported by water to markets in the cities, where the consumption of fruit and vegetables was no longer restricted to the wealthy.

像這一段，中心就是在討論17世紀(jì)荷蘭農(nóng)業(yè)中的園藝業(yè)的情況,。展開(kāi)部分無(wú)非就是講園藝業(yè)怎樣從小眾變得普及,，這種單一型的段落相互對(duì)來(lái)講比較好記好理解,。

   復(fù)合型

In the 1970s when the study of Australian archaeology was in an exciting phase of development, with the great antiquity of rock art becoming clear. Lesley Maynard the archaeologist who coined the phrase "Panaramitee style," suggested that a sequence could be determined far Australian rock art in which a geometric style gave way to a simple figurative style (outlines of figures and animals), followed by a range of complex figurative styles that, unlike the pan-Australian geometric tradition tended to much greater regional diversity. While accepting that this sequence fits the archaeological profile of Those sites, which were occupied continuously ever many thousands of years a number of writers have warned that the underlying assumption of such a sequence-a development from the simple and the geometric to the complex and naturalistic-obscures the cultural continuities in Aboriginal Australia in which geometric symbolism remains  fundamentally important. In this context the simplicity of a geometric motif may be more apparent than real. Motifs of seeming simplicity can encode complex meanings in Aboriginal Australia. And has not twentieth-century art shown that naturalism does not necessarily follow abstraction in some kind of predetermined sequence?

這種復(fù)合型的段落同學(xué)們?cè)谧x的時(shí)候一定要耐心,，理出這一段的寫作思路。LM這個(gè)人首先推翻了自己在上一段當(dāng)中提出的P style,，認(rèn)為以幾何元素即 P style應(yīng)該給figurative style讓路,。 之后一些writers認(rèn)為這個(gè)推翻是不合理的，認(rèn)為幾何的這個(gè)規(guī)律還是很重要很正確的,。第三部分還是反對(duì)LM的觀點(diǎn),。所以這一段沒(méi)有一個(gè)單一的意思，而是觀點(diǎn)之間的轉(zhuǎn)換,，同學(xué)們?cè)诳催@些長(zhǎng)段的時(shí)候注意段落的展開(kāi)思路,，這對(duì)于我們找對(duì)應(yīng)信息，提高做題的準(zhǔn)確率都是有幫助的,。

   今天的托福備考相關(guān)分享就到這里,。更多實(shí)用美國(guó)留學(xué)資訊，趣味海外知識(shí)可隨時(shí)私信關(guān)注優(yōu)弗教育微信公眾號(hào)：youfuedu,，等你來(lái)敲門,！

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